<p>Lago di Caldonazzo is a lake in Trentino, Italy. At an elevation of 449 m, its surface area is 5.38 km².</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The lake is located in the valley communities of Alta Valsugana e Bersntol</p><br>
<h2>Sport</h2><br>
<p>Water sports like the canoe, the sail, the wind surfing and water skiing is famous on the lake. The lake has played an important role; it was, and still is, the "training ground" for Thomas Degasperi, water skier Trentino specialist in the discipline slalom, current European Champion and World.</p><br>
<h2>Events</h2><br>
<p>Many events take place on the lake, especially during the summer.</p><br>
<p>The most important is the Palio dei Draghi (or Dragon Boat ), a competition between boats driven by many rowers. The boats are vaguely reminiscent of the shape of dragons, hence the name of the race.</p><br>
<p>Every year on August 14 a fireworks display is organised to celebrate Ferragosto.</p><br>
<p>National Youth of canoe is hosted every year in the last weekend of August.</p><br>
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<p>The Iberian System , is one of the major systems of mountain ranges in Spain.</p><br>
<p>It consists of a vast and complex area of mostly relatively high and rugged mountain chains and massifs located in the central region of the Iberian Peninsula, but reaching almost the Mediterranean coast in the Land of Valencia in the east.</p><br>
<p>From the hydrographic viewpoint this system is of the highest relevance in the peninsula, for it separates the watersheds of most of the major rivers in Spain and Portugal, including the Ebro basin from the basins of the Douro, Tagus, Guadiana (Záncara-Gigüela), Júcar and Turia.</p><br>
<p>There are important mining areas in some of the ranges such as Sierra Menera, Sierra de Arcos and Sierra de San Just, making the system one of the chief mining regions in Spain since ancient times. One of the comarcas of Aragon located in the Iberian System was given the name of Cuencas Mineras since mining is the main activity in the comarca.</p><br>
<h2>Location and description</h2><br>
<p>The Sistema Ibérico mountain range borders the Meseta Central on its western end and separates the Meseta Central from the Ebro valley and from the Mediterranean coast.</p><br>
<p>This system runs northwest-southeast between the Ebro plain and the Meseta Central for over 500 km, from the La Bureba corridor in Burgos Province close to the Cordillera Cantábrica to the Mediterranean sea close to Valencia in the south and close to Tortosa and the Ebro Delta in the east. The bulk of the Sistema Ibérico is located in the southern half of Aragon. The Prebaetic System rises south of the southernmost end of the Iberian System.</p><br>
<p>The geology of the Iberian System is complex, for it can hardly be defined as a homogeneous system. It is composed of a haphazard and motley series of mountain ranges, massifs, plateaus and depressions without a definite common petrologic composition and overall structure. Nummulite limestone, marble and sandstone are common throughout the area. Some of the parts of the system stand geologically isolated, interrupting the continuity of the whole, linked to the other parts through high plateaus of varying altitudes.</p><br>
<h2>Ecology and human activity</h2><br>
<h3>Population decline</h3><br>
<p>Large zones of the mountainous Iberian System have undergone heavy depopulation since the early 20th century. There are many ghost towns and abandoned villages scattered across different parts of the Iberian System, especially in Teruel Province. Currently a great number of surviving towns have only a residual population. In some cases many of the inhabitants are not natives anymore, but immigrants from Romania or the Maghreb working as contract laborers in agricultural activities.</p><br>
<p>The exodus from the rural mountainous areas in Spain rose after General Franco&#39;s Plan de Estabilización in 1959. The population declined steeply as people emigrated towards the industrial areas of the large cities and the coastal towns where the tourism industry was growing. Other causes of high emigration have been the abandonment by the local youth of traditional agricultural practices that were the mainstay of the village economy, such as sheep and goat rearing, as well as the lifestyle changes that swept over rural Spain during the second half of the 20th century.</p><br>
<h3>Fauna</h3><br>
<p>The heavy depopulation has favored wildlife, so that one of the last colonies of griffon vultures in Europe is in the Iberian System. Wolves and eagles (Aquila chrysaetos, Hieraaetus fasciatus, Hieraaetus pennatus, Circaetus gallicus) are also relatively common in the lonely heights. Among the mammals, the Spanish ibex, roe deer, wild boar, European badgers, common genets, among others, have their habitat in many of these desolate mountain ranges.</p><br>
<p>The most common reptiles in the Iberian System are Lacerta lepida, Psammodromus algirus, Psammodromus hispanicus, Podarcis muralis and Podarcis hispanica. Chalcides chalcides, Chalcides bedriagai and Anguis fragilis, are relatively rarer. The snakes present in these mountains are Natrix maura, Natrix natrix, Malpolon monspessulanus, Elaphe scalaris, Coronella girondica, Coronella austriaca and Vipera latastei.</p><br>
<p>Some amphibians are abundant in or near ponds and rivulets throughout the whole system, such as Rana perezi, Bufo bufo, Bufo calamita, Alytes obstetricans, Triturus marmoratus and Lissotriton helveticus, the latter also at high altitude, whether in intermittent or permanent bodies of water. Hyla arborea and Salamandra salamandra are somewhat rarer, but still having a wide distribution, especially in humid forested zones. The Iberian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles waltl), however, is rarely found in the mountainous areas. Aquatic invertebrates, including the Austropotamobius pallipes crayfish, and certain fishes, such as Salaria fluviatilis and Cobitis paludica are common in the upper course of the Sistema Ibérico rivers. Some mountain streams have been stocked with trout.</p><br>
<p>Traditional cattle rearing activities, formerly so important in central Iberia, still survive on dry grasslands in certain villages around the system. There are also a number of hunters visiting some of the ranges, mainly those that are relatively closer to the urban areas and especially on weekends.</p><br>
<h3>Vegetation</h3><br>
<p>Some ranges have forested patches, consisting mainly of Pinus pinaster, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus uncinata pines and Quercus rotundifolia, Quercus pyrenaica and Quercus faginea oaks, even Fagus sylvatica beeches and Betula pendula birches grow in some humid slopes, where Pteridium aquilinum, Polypodium vulgare ferns may also be found.</p><br>
<p>Other ranges are rocky and quite bare with heath (Erica arborea, Erica vagans, Calluna vulgaris), broom as well as thyme and Festuca and Nardus stricta grasslands. Thin forest or shrubland may include Juniperus communis, Juniperus thurifera, Cytisus purgans, Erinacea anthyllis and Calluna vulgaris shrub. Often the southern slopes are drier than the northern ones and may be subject to wildfires in periods of prolonged drought, especially in the summer.</p><br>
<p>Bogs are not common in the Iberian Peninsula, but high altitude bogs form in the few areas of the Sistema Ibérico where the water remains stagnant, such as near Orihuela del Tremedal, Bronchales and in the place known as Fuente del Hierro, at an altitude between 1.400 and 1.550 m. The plants growing in these bogs are mainly Polytrichum mosses, Potentilla erecta, Pinguicula vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus, Calluna vulgaris, and also Drosera rotundifolia, a carnivorous plant that doesn&#39;t grow further south in Western Europe.</p><br>
<p>Centaurea pinnata is an endangered species of plant present in the Sierra de Vicort and Sierra de Santa Cruz mountain ranges.</p><br>
<h2>Mountain ranges</h2><br>
<p>The Sistema Ibérico comprises several mountain ranges and massifs:</p><br>
<p>Northern: Sierra de la Demanda, Sierra de Neila, Mesa de Cebollera and the Picos de Urbión in the northwest, the Sierra de Alcarama, Sierra de Peñalmonte, Sierra de Moncalvillo and the isolated Moncayo Massif in the north, always crested with snow in the winter, with its eastern prolongation the Sierra de Nava Alta.</p><br>
<p>Western: Smaller and drier mountain ranges close to the transition area with the Sistema Central, such as Sierra de Perdices, Sierra Ministra, Sierra de Caldereros (Águila 1,443 m), Sierra de Pardos, Sierra de Miñana, Sierra de Solorio, Sierra de Selas (Aragoncillo 1,517 m) and Parameras de Molina (Mojón Alto 1,408 m).</p><br>
<p>Central: Numerous mountain ranges located at the heart of the system, such as Sierra de la Virgen, Sierra de Vicort, Sierra de Algairén, Sierra de Santa Cruz, Sierra de Cucalón, Sierra de Herrera, Sierra de San Just, Sierra de Lidón and Sierra Palomera, among others.</p><br>
<p>Southwestern: Serranía de Cuenca, Sierra Menera, Sierra de Albarracín, Montes de Picaza (Colmenarejo 1,426 m), Montes Universales and Sierra de Mira.</p><br>
<p>Southeastern: Sierra de Javalambre, Sierra del Toro, Sierra de Gúdar, Sierra de Mayabona, Sierra de Camarena, Sierra de Sollavientos, Sierra del Rayo, and Sierra de Pina.</p><br>
<p>Eastern: A succession of ranges that reaches the Mediterranean Sea, including the Maestrat or Maestrazgo with the Penyagolosa Massif, Sierra de la Lastra, Sierra de los Caballos, Sierra de Garrocha, Sierra de la Cañada, Sierra Carrascosa, the Ports de Morella, Serra de la Creu, Serra dEn Segures, Serra den Galceran, Serra dEsparreguera, Serra de Vallivana, Serra dEn Celler, Serra del Turmell, Serra de lEspadella and the Moles de Xert, as well as the Talaies dAlcalà, Serra de la Vall dÀngel, the Cervera Mountains, Serra de Sant Pere, Serra Calderona and Serra dEspadà foothills at the eastern end.</p><br>
<p>Northeastern: A complex mountainous area connecting with the Catalan Pre-Coastal Range, which includes the Ports de Tortosa-Beseit and the Benifassà Mountains.</p><br>
<h3>Main subranges and features</h3><br>
<h3>Peaks</h3><br>
<p>The main peaks of the system are: Moncayo (2,313 m), Monte San Lorenzo (2,262 m), Pico de Urbión (2,228 m), Peña Cebollera (2,129 m), Javalambre (2,020 m) and Peñarroya (2,019 m). Other locally important summits are Cerro Calderón (1,837 m), Mont Caro (1,441 m), Tossal d&#39;Orenga (1,144 m) and Montegordo (837 m),</p><br>
<h2>Rivers</h2><br>
<p>The Sistema Ibérico is not as high as other mountain systems in Spain. It is, however, very significant from the hydrographic point of view for important rivers of the Iberian Peninsula have their source in its mountains, which divide the Atlantic from the Mediterranean watershed.</p><br>
<p>The following rivers rise in the Sistema Ibérico:</p><br>
<p>The Douro and the Tagus, flowing westwards across the Meseta Central towards Portugal</p><br>
<p>The Jalón River, one of the main tributaries of the Ebro, flowing northwards, as well as the Huerva and the Aranda River</p><br>
<p>The Turia, the Júcar and the Cabriel flowing eastwards across the Valencian Community towards the Mediterranean Sea</p><br>
<p>Noons Hole  lies about 5 km northwest of the centre of Boho, in the townland of Old Barr in the parish of Devenish, County Fermanagh, close to the border with Boho parish. The cave is under part of the escarpment on the east side of the Glenade Sandstone uplands. At 81 m, this pothole was thought to have the deepest shaft in Ireland, but this honour was passed to the nearby Reyfad Pot, which contains an entrance shaft of 88 m. The continuation of the cave system  contains 3.7 km of passage, and it connects to the resurgence at Arch Cave through three cave dives, making this system the 8th deepest in Ireland, at 108 m.</p><br>
<p>Noon&#39;s Hole was previously called "Sumera", meaning "abyss", but gained notoriety and a new name in the 1820s, following the notorious murder of Dominick Noone, whose body was thrown into the cave. Ordnance Survey maps still use both names.</p><br>
<h2>Exploration</h2><br>
<p>A Sumera is a bottomless pit, and locals initially treated Noon&#39;s Hole as a supernatural area, viewing it with suspicion and fear. However, in August 1895, the French cave explorer Édouard-Alfred Martel explored the cave for the first time, descending to 20 m. It was not until 1912 that a group called the Yorkshire Ramblers reached the bottom. Not discouraged by their equipment not having arrived from England, they made the descent of the complex 78 m shaft using a 35 m long rope ladder built from materials purchased from Fermanagh ships chandlers and timber merchants, hauling it up and down from the surface when the explorers found ledges to stand on. All they found at the bottom was a short passage leading to a sump. During the Easter of 1970, a group from the University of Leeds Speleological Association investigated the parallel shafts, and found that one led into 400 m of passages they named the After-Noon Series.</p><br>
<p>In the meanwhile, cave divers had been pushing in Arch Cave from which the water from Noons Hole resurges. In 1972 Martyn Farr and Roger Solari passed an 80 m sump into a long canal, and then a 8 m sump into a major extension which extended into the mountain for a further 1,500 m to a third sump. The pair returned into 1973, and after a 49 m dive they emerged into the After-Noon series of Noons Hole.</p><br>
<p>Easter 1975 a party followed a draught in the After-Noon series through a rocky crawl, to break out into a mile of new passage which included a streamway, the terminal sump of which corresponded to a sump with the main water flow in Arch II cave. This was named the High Noon Series. In 1984, a group managed to find a dry connection between High Noon and Arch II cave to create the finest sporting trip in County Fermanagh.</p><br>
<h2>Dominick Noone</h2><br>
<p>Dominick Noone was originally from the Ballinamore area in the east of County Leitrim. Whilst in Derrygonnelly, he became a member of an illegal Catholic organisation known as the Ribbonmen, an agrarian reform group, but subsequently became an informer for the British Crown. It was on his evidence in 1826 that a number of fellow members were transported to Australia. Despite police protection, he was invited to a wedding party, but then kidnapped and murdered and his body thrown down into the depths of the Sumera. The authorities suspected that his body lay in the shaft, and a man named Cavanagh from Castlecoole, a townland on the outskirts of Enniskillen, accepted a substantial reward to descend the shaft in a rope and creel. Noone&#39;s body was found at a depth of 190 ft, and retrieved. The body was then carried to a chapel for a wake but local people blocked the doorway preventing entrance. The murderers of Noone were never caught despite the offer of a £100 award.</p><br>
<p>In 1879 a long ballad was composed about the event. The penultimate verse goes:</p><br>
<p>Within the mountain nature made,</p><br>
<p>A deep and dismal cave,</p><br>
<p>That suited well the murderers said,</p><br>
<p>To be a traitor&#39;s grave,</p><br>
<p>They flung the lifeless body below -</p><br>
<p>A groan they thought it gave.</p><br>
<p>The Trebižat River is a river in the southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and major tributary of the Neretva River.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and hydrology</h2><br>
<p>Trebižat River is located in the south-western region of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is part of the Neretva basin and it is a major tributary of the Neretva.</p><br>
<h3>Sinking river</h3><br>
<p>Trebižat is 51 km long and is the second largest losing stream in Bosnia and Herzegovina that drains into the underground and reappears several times. In terms of length, it comes right after the Trebišnjica river which is the largest river of this kind in the world and also a tributary of the Neretva watershed.</p><br>
<p>The water regime of the Trebižat River is affected by the abstraction of its water for hydropower plants, irrigation and fish farming not to mention pollution problems. Trebižat River flows through an area of remarkable ecological value, hosting protected areas such as the travertine-formation around Kravice Waterfall.</p><br>
<p>Although there have been many negative impacts in recent years on the Trebižat River, the analyses of aquatic organisms, river ecology and river morphology showed a high diversity.</p><br>
<p>Various actions are considered with the aim of preserving the Trebižat River and its riparian ecosystem.</p><br>
<p>The area was assessed in terms of its geography, climate conditions, historic heritage of the river, demography, geology of the river and its tributaries, river hydrology and morphology, ecological characteristics, river pollution, river use, and river management.</p><br>
<h3>Nine names of the Trebižat River</h3><br>
<p>Because the Trebižat River disappears and reappears at resurgences various times, the people used to call it different names. Exactly nine names are known (every time it resurfaced, the river got a new name): Vrlika - Tihaljina - Mlade - Culuša - Ričina - Brina - Suvaja (Posušje) - Matica - Trebižat (Ljubuški).</p><br>
<h2>Waterfalls</h2><br>
<p>A special characteristic of Bosnia and Herzegovina&#39;s water systems are the plethora of waterfalls dotting the landscape. Among the most beautiful and biggest are the: Štrbački cascade (23.5 m high – quantitatively the biggest waterfall in Bosnia and Herzegovina), Martin Brod on the Una River, Pliva Falls in Jajce (27 m), Kravice Falls and Koćuša falls on the Trebižat River.</p><br>
<h3>Kravica Falls</h3><br>
<p>The most attractive landmark on the Trebižat River is Kravice Falls, located 3 km downstream from the Vitaljina, in Studenci near Ljubuški.</p><br>
<p>Similar to Krka Falls and Plitvice Lakes, Trebižat River is also in a constant process of natural tufa deposit. It is known that travertine barriers and waterfalls can grow only in water of high purity and quality, so it is not strange that the landscape of a natural phenomenon that is Trebižat was declared a Nature Park.</p><br>
<h3>Koćuša Falls</h3><br>
<p>Long Meadow, also known as Long Meadows Farm, is a historic home located near Winchester, in Frederick County, Virginia. The earliest section was built about 1755, and is the 1 1/2-story limestone portion. A 1 1/2-story detached log unit was built shortly after, and connected to the original section by a covered breezeway. In 1827, a large two-story, stuccoed stone wing in a transitional Federal / Greek Revival style was built directly adjacent to log section. The house was restored in 1919, after a fire in the 1827 section in 1916. Also on the property are a contributing stone-lined ice house, an early frame smokehouse, and the ruins of a 1 1/2-story log cabin.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.</p><br>
<p>Woodhouse House in Virginia Beach, Virginia, also known as Fountain House or Simmons House, was built in 1810 in the Federal architecture style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007. It is located south of the Virginia Beach Courthouse complex, still surrounded by farm land but facing increasing encroachment by suburban homes.</p><br>
<p>The house is a wood frame two-story structure with a brick American bond chimney with Flemish bond headers and asphalt shingles. The kitchen and smokehouse were built in 1904. Also on the property are a "mid-20th century garage, shed, well, and barn, and late 20th century swimming pool." Woodhouse and Simmons family cemeteries are also on the property. The Woodhouse cemetery, where Thomas is buried, is near a dilapidated barn. The Simmons cemetery is detached from the main structures and is at the northeast corner of the property.</p><br>
<p>The property was originally 75 acre in size, which Captain Thomas Woodhouse bought from John Frizzell in 1811. Woodhouse died in 1813 at age 39 and willed the property to his brother, Henry Woodhouse. Henry sold the property, now 102 acre in size, to Andrew Simmons in 1849. Simmons, who increased the acreage to 267 acre, died in the 1880s and his descendants sold the property to William D. Woodhouse, a descendant of Capt. Thomas Woodhouse. In 1889 William sold the land to Reuben Fountain, who lived on adjoining land. The Fountain family still owns the property. Suburban encroachment has diminished the total acreage to just slightly over 50 acre, with the home and outlying buildings occupying 1 acre. The home is one of the few buildings of its type in Virginia Beach, representing the transition from Colonial and Georgian architecture to Federal style in the region.</p><br>
<p>Riddick House, also known as Riddicks Folly, is a historic home located at Suffolk, Virginia. It was built in 1837, and is a 2 1/2-story, five bay by four bay, Greek Revival style brick townhouse. The front facade features a one-story diastyle Doric order portico with a triangular pediment supported by two fluted columns and two plain pilasters. It also has a one-story tetrastyle portico added across the south end in 1905. During the American Civil War, General John J. Peck and his staff maintained Union Army staff headquarters in the house.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. It is located in the Suffolk Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Riddick&#39;s Folly is open as a historic house museum.</p><br>
<p>The Gable Mansion is a historic mansion in Woodland, California, listed as a California Historical Landmark, that was built in 1885 for Amos and Harvey Gable, two Yolo County pioneers and ranchers.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Located at 659 First Street, the Gable brothers, Amos W. and Harvey C. Gable, had the home designed and built for them by Edward Carlton "Carl" Gilbert, the owner of the Woodland firm "Gilbert & Sons", for the sum of $16,000. The home was designed as a fine example of Victorian architecture. It has been described as a "Stick Vernacular" style home, that is, "a locally unique variant of the Stick style of Victorian architecture in vogue in the 1880s."</p><br>
<p>Gilbert published some of the plans he drew up for the Gable Mansion in California Architect and Building News, a trade journal of the American Institute of Architects San Francisco chapter. An elevation and the first floor plan of the Gable Mansion was published in October 1887s edition of the CABN that showed similarities with another home previously published several years earlier.</p><br>
<p>The first floor plan of the Gable Mansion includes a central "stair hall" that has a curved stairway visible from the front entrance outside the home. The second story has several bedrooms and (although rumored to be a ballroom) the third story was an attic. It has since been remodeled into a living space.</p><br>
<p>During the 1970s and 1980s many Woodland residents began to restore historic residences south of Main Street. In 1972 the Gable Mansion was among these homes as Robert McWhirk purchased the property from the Gable estate and spent twenty years rehabilitating it. Today, it is a California State Landmark for being an example of 19th-century Victorian Italianate architecture and for being "one of the last of its style, size, and proportion in California".</p><br>
<p>Zion Evangelical Lutheran Church in Hartland, Wisconsin was built in 1910 to serve the German-speaking Lutheran congregation. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>It was deemed architecturally significant "as a good local example of the Gothic Revival style", and was built by members of the congregation. A 1951 addition to the rear does not detract from the building&#39;s architectural integrity.</p><br>
<p>It started in the church building across the street in the 1860s. Later after a doctrinal dispute, the church split, half of it moving across town and the other half moving across the street and building the current facility. The old building was sold to another church body. The current pastor is the Reverend Steven Ristow.</p><br>
<p>The Waldo water tower, officially called the Frank T. Riley Memorial, is a white, castle-like tower in the Waldo neighborhood of south Kansas City, Missouri.</p><br>
<p>The structure was a functioning water tower from 1920 until 1957. The tower was pictured each year from 1929 to 1946 in the World Book Encyclopedia as an early example of reinforced concrete.</p><br>
<p>It was listed in 1975 as Missouri&#39;s first American Water Landmark by the American Water Works Association, and is on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The 12-sided tower is 134 ft tall, with walls 18 in thick, and a capacity of 1,000,000 gal. The tower is topped by crenellations and 12 arched windows. It was constructed using a 14-day continuous pour.</p><br>
<p>In August 1962, the remains of a 20-year-old man missing since the previous November were discovered in the bottom of the tower. To retrieve the body, a hole was created near the bottom of the tower. The location of that hole is still visible on the west side of the tower. The tower is currently protected from vandals and climbers by a chain-link fence topped with barbed wire.</p><br>
<p>In 2015, the Kansas City Council set aside $850,000 to renovate the tower.</p><br>
<p>Howard House in Palestine, Texas was built in 1848 by Reuben A. Reeves, Texas State Supreme Court Justice, and justice of the Supreme Court of the New Mexico Territory. When Reeves moved away from Palestine in 1850, the house was purchased by local merchant George R. Howard. Attaining the rank of colonel from his service with the Tennessee State Militia, Howard also served with the Confederate States Army. As a civilian, Howard served in numerous state and local elected positions, including as mayor of Palestine. Upon the deaths of Howard and his wife, the house was inherited by their son Thomas S. Howard. The city of Palestine purchased the house as a museum in 1964. It was listed on the NRHP in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The Howard House Museum is owned by the city and furnished for a late 19th century appearance. It is open for tours and special functions by appointment.</p><br>
<p>Locust Grove is a historic house located between Dillwyn and Buckingham, Virginia, constructed before 1794. It is remembered for its connection to the Revolutionary soldier Peter Francisco, and as the Peter Francisco House it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 16, 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Locust Grove is a -story single-pile house; it is covered by a gable roof, with two shed dormers on each slope. A box cornice forms a base for the roof. There are two chimneys on the buildings exterior, one on either end. The eastern of the two is of Flemish bond, and is original; the western, of American bond, appears to be a replacement dating to the time when a one-story wing was added onto the house. This wing is now gone, but the foundation of its chimney remains; a small garden has been platted on the site. The foundation of the structure is of English bond, and there is a full basement. At the time of the houses National Register nomination, most of the original window frames, complete with their original sills, remained, as did a good deal of beaded siding.</p><br>
<p>Inside, the house was divided into two principal rooms per floor, with a central hallway for the stairs. Few original fittings survive; the mantels and wainscoting were removed, as were some floorboards from the second floor. Part of the first-level floor had fallen in. Portions of the stairway survived, as did the north-exterior door. The walls were once plastered, but much of the covering has disintegrated over time.</p><br>
<p>Locust Grove had deteriorated severely by the time it was surveyed for the National Register of Historic Places, to the point that it was marked as "Deteriorated" on the nomination form. Most of the framing survived, revealing the underlying structure of the house; however, many interior and exterior trappings had disappeared. In recent years, a great deal of restoration work has been performed on the structure, and it is once again in habitable condition.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Locust Grove is located almost a mile off of Virginia Route 626 near Buckingham County&#39;s border with Cumberland County. It sits on farm and scrub land at the end of a long dirt road, and is approached from the north. The building itself stands on the edge of a hill facing Payne Creek.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Little is known about the early history of Locust Grove. It was evidently constructed sometime before 1794, as Francisco took up residence in the house in that year, living there until the mid-1820s (one source suggests, on the basis of style, a date between 1790 and 1810). Francisco himself had local ties, having grown up at Hunting Towers, the nearby estate of Patrick Henry&#39;s uncle Judge Anthony Winston. In any event, he lived there with his second wife, Catherine Brooke, with whom he raised four children. She died in 1821; two years later he married again, this time to a widowed niece of Governor Edmund Randolph. She persuaded him to leave the countryside for a more comfortable life in Richmond, where he worked as the Serjeant-at-Arms of the Senate of Virginia, and in which city he remained until his death.</p><br>
<p>Few records have survived from Franciscos time at Locust Grove. The little information that remains suggests that the farm was typical of those found around Virginia at the turn of the nineteenth century. A personal property tax inventory taken in 1815 indicates the presence in the household of seven slaves over twelve years old and one between nine and twelve, as well as six horses and twelve head of cattle. No carriage, watch, clock, or mahogany furniture was found, but the houses occupants were taxed for a mirror with gilded frame, two goblets made of cut glass, three pictures, and an unknown number of small gilt frames. This record indicates that, while Francisco was not among the Virginia gentry, he was most probably among the better-off residents of the county at the time.</p><br>
<p>Peter Francisco died in 1831; after him, the next recorded tenant of Locust Grove was one Robert Rives, who owned it for a brief time in 1845. From him it passed on to John S. Coleman, who lived there until 1906. Abner Spencer then took ownership, living there until sometime after 1932. The Society of the Descendants of Peter Francisco took charge of the land beginning in the early 1970s, leasing it from its owners at the rate of one dollar a year. The intent was to restore the house and turn it into a museum and shrine dedicated to Francisco&#39;s memory; while the restoration was completed, due in part to matching funds granted by the United States government upon conferral of the National Register listing, the museum was never created, and the house reverted to private ownership. Today Locust Grove is owned by a couple from Richmond who use it as a second home.</p><br>
<p>A collection of papers related to the history of Locust Grove is part of the archive of the Society of the Descendants of Peter Francisco held at the Library of Virginia.</p><br>
<h3>1987 archaeological dig</h3><br>
<p>As part of the restoration work done on Locust Grove in the late 1980s, students from Longwood College visited the home and grounds and conducted an archaeological dig which covered various portions of the property. Excavations were conducted at five points around the site, and a number of discoveries were made. Chief among these was the grave of an infant discovered in the corner of the former kitchen garden near the house. Oral tradition states that Francisco had a daughter who died in infancy sometime in the 1820s, and who was buried in the garden. There are no formal records either of such a burial or of the birth of the child; however, the discovery of the grave lends greater credence to the story. Also found on the grounds of the house were the remains of the foundation of a tobacco barn, known to have burned in 1826, as well as some bits of ash and a large collection of nails and nail fragments. Excavations on and around the property also turned up the foundation and cellar of an old ice house, later used as a trash midden; the foundation of another small building, whose purpose remains uncertain; and a small spring associated through oral tradition with Peter Francisco. Numerous beams and door and window frames original to the house were found and replaced during the restoration and excavation; the originals were set aside in the basement for further study.</p><br>
<p>Gatewood House is a historic plantation house in Eatonton, Georgia that is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places. It was built sometime during 1805-1812 while the property was owned by a John Keating. As of 1975, the house remained unaltered from its original construction. It is significant for its "refined yet simple" architecture, unusual and hence more important given its era.</p><br>
<p>Owners include:</p><br>
<p>pre-1812 John Keating built it, sold it for $1200 to James O&#39;Neal</p><br>
<p>James O&#39;Neal made the property into a successful cotton plantation, sold it for $1900 in 1820</p><br>
<p>Z. Weddington, sold it for $1400</p><br>
<p>William Walker owned it</p><br>
<p>James Jackson sold the house and its 202.5 acre for $1200 to Mrs. Francis M. Gatewood</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Francis M. Gatewood, whose family kept it into the 1920s</p><br>
<p>USA government purchased it</p><br>
<p>H. Grady West purchased it with 130 acre in 1930s</p><br>
<p>Mr. and Mrs. John Copeland, owners in 1975, purchased it not long before then</p><br>
<p>Reportedly the hand of Ann E. Gatewood was sought by William H. Seward (later USA Secretary of State).</p><br>
<p>Turnwold Plantation where Joel Chandler Harris lived and wrote, is nearby.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The Sloat House is located at the corner of NY 17 and Sterling Avenue in Sloatsburg, New York, United States. It is a stone house, dating to the mid-18th century, with a frame front addition built in the 1810s.</p><br>
<p>It was the home for many years of members of the Sloat family, for whom the village is named. George Washington visited it during the Revolutionary War, and John D. Sloat, later the first American Military Governor of California, was born here. It also served as a meeting place for local politicians and officials during the Revolution and some decades afterward. In 1974 it became the first property in the village listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The house has two blocks, built at different times. The older rear section, the kitchen wing, is one-and-a-half stories high and 22 by. It is faced in clapboard, except for the north wall which is rough stone. It has two original Dutch doors, with their hinges. There is also an enclosed porch.</p><br>
<p>The 34 by main wing is two and a half stories, faced in stone with a brick front, both painted white. It has a porch running the full length of all five front bays. The main entrance leads into a ground floor with four large rooms, each with its own original fireplace and wooden mantel. The six chimneys in both wings pierce gabled roofs shingled in asphalt. The house has a full cellar as well.</p><br>
<p>Three outbuildings remain on the property: a small barn, a large stable and a wellhouse. All three are remnants of the farming operations, and are considered contributing resources to the Register listing.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>There may have been a house on the site in the late 1730s, when Isaac Van Deursen became the first European settler in the upper Ramapo River valley. The current wing may actually have been this house or part of it, since it is very primitive.</p><br>
<p>Traditionally, histories of the area have dated the house&#39;s original wing to 1755, when Stephen Sloat received the land as a wedding gift from his father-in-law. An early frame front was probably on the front of the house through the Revolution, which affected both the house and the Sloat family.</p><br>
<p>In 1774, a local meeting at the house, the General Meeting of Committees of Orange County, chose two delegates, Henry Wisner and John Haring, to the Provincial Convention of the First Continental Congress. George Washington had his headquarters at the house on June 6, 1779, and likely made other visits during the Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<p>Tragedy struck the Sloats in 1781 when their son John, a captain in the local militia, was accidentally shot and killed in the doorway by one of the sentries his father had hired. The marks left in the doorway by the shots remain. The infant son Sloat left behind grew up to be John D. Sloat, a celebrated USA Navy commodore and the first governor of California.</p><br>
<p>Isaac Sloat, Johns brother, later built the front of the house around 1813-14. He ran it as a public house, also hosting annual meetings of town supervisors and judges from Orange and Rockland counties through 1821. His son Stephen ran the house as an inn along the Orange Turnpike, renowned for its food but serving no alcoholic beverages. At this point the large barn was also built. Stephens brother Jacob developed a mill along the creek and later built his own house in the village.</p><br>
<p>In 1905 the Sloat descendants sold the house to Benjamin Moffatt Jr., an English immigrant who later became president of the nearby Sterling iron works. It remained in the Moffatt family throughout the 20th century and is still a private residence.</p><br>
<p>Biedermans Cabin, also called Biedermans Fish Camp, is a privately owned cabin on the Yukon River in Alaska. Located within the Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, it is maintained as a historic site representing the subsistence lifestyle employed by Interior Alaska residents during the early years of the 20th century and is one of the few structures within the preserve.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>The cabin was built in 1916 by Max Adolphus "Ed" Biederman for his family. Biederman was an immigrant to the United States from Bohemia, and was attracted to Alaska in 1899 by the Nome Gold Rush. After failing to strike it rich, Biederman became a sled dog driver instead. In 1912, he began running the Eagle to Circle mail route along the Yukon River. In 1916, he constructed the 31 ft-long log cabin and roofed it with sod. That year, his first daughter, Nellie Biederman, was born in the building.</p><br>
<p>Between 1916 and 1938, the Biederman family used the cabin as their summer residence after spending winters in Eagle while Ed ran his dog team and used the cabin as a waypoint between the two locations. Because other winter travelers needed a place to stay during the winter, Biederman constructed a small bunk house away from the cabin. To provide food for the many dogs Biederman owned as a result of the mail route, the family used the cabin as a fish camp and installed two fish wheels to catch salmon swimming upstream during the spawning season. Other additions were made to the cabin, including a tin roof to replace the sod and an Arctic entry. In 1938, the dog sled mail route was discontinued, and in 1945, Ed Biederman died.</p><br>
<h2>Use as shelter</h2><br>
<p>After Biedermans death, the cabin fell into relative disuse by the family, though winter travelers continued to seek shelter in it. In 1984, the Yukon Quest, a 1,000-mile sled dog race between Fairbanks, Alaska, and Whitehorse, Yukon, chose the cabin as an official rest area along the trail. Though the cabins official status has been superseded by nearby Slaven&#39;s Cabin, which is run by the National Park Service, it continues to serve as an informal hospitality stop for competitors in the race.</p><br>
<p>A nearby wildfire threatened the cabin in 2007, and the National Park Service installed temporary sprinklers at the site as a preventative measure.</p><br>
<p>The Huey P. Long Mansion in New Orleans, Louisiana was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The 1920s Mediterranean Revival house is at 14 Audubon Boulevard, a short distance back from Willow Street and the Tulane University campus.</p><br>
<p>It was formerly owned by Louisiana Governor Huey P. Long, although Long only occasionally resided here. The house is still privately owned.</p><br>
<p>It is a pink stuccoed house built of concrete blocks. According to its NRHP nomination, its architecture "borrows from several</p><br>
<p>Mediterranean styles without being heavily in debt to any of them":The crested broken pediments in the foyer, the scrolled brincaded entrance arch, and the red tile roof are attributable to the Spanish churrigueresque style. The groups of round arches set on Persian columns are attributable to the Byzantine style. The hooded classical style mantels in the front rooms are attributable to the Italian Renaissance. There are also bottle glass windows and heavily cut and paneled doors. The rear sunroom has a marble floor and arches which lead to the balustraded patio.</p><br>
<p>It was designed by architects Weil, Benson and Bendernagel, a firm asserted to be one of New Orleans&#39; leading architectural firms of the 20th century.</p><br>
<p>Eagle Summit is a 3,652 ft-tall gap through the White Mountains of central Alaska. The gap was named after the nearby Eagle River by prospectors from nearby Circle, Alaska.</p><br>
<p>Eagle Summit is the site of a convergence zone between the Yukon Flats to the north and the low ground of the Tanana Valley to the south. Any differential in the weather within the two valleys causes high winds and precipitation when there is moisture in the atmosphere. In 1916, Hudson Stuck, who was one of the first people to climb Mount McKinley&#39;s South Peak, wrote, "The Eagle Summit is one of the most difficult summits in Alaska. The wind blows so fiercely that sometimes for days together its passage is almost impossible.... The snow smothers up everything on the lee side of the hill, and the end of every storm presents a new surface and an altered route.... there is no easier pass and no way around."</p><br>
<p>It was for this latter reason that engineers chose Eagle Summit as the route to build the Steese Highway, which connects Fairbanks, Alaska to the Yukon River at Circle. In 1927, just 11 years after Stuck became one of the first Americans to navigate Eagle Summit on dog sled, the highway was completed and road travel over the summit became possible. Today, Eagle Summit still is the highest point on the highway and tourism guides recommend its scenic views. Eagle Summit also experiences Midnight Sun around the time of the summer solstice despite being south of the Arctic Circle, due to its elevation.</p><br>
<p>The trail of the annual Yukon Quest 1,000-mile sled dog race also passes over Eagle Summit. The area&#39;s high winds, drifting snow, and steep terrain make it the most difficult section of trail in the race, and some competitors have called it the most difficult section of trail in any sled dog race in the world. In 2006, a fierce storm atop Eagle Summit caused whiteout conditions that forced seven mushers and dog teams to be evacuated via helicopter from the mountain. Partially because of the storm, only 11 mushers finished the race — the fewest in Yukon Quest history.</p><br>
<p>The House of Augustus, or the Domus Augusti, is the first major site upon entering the Palatine Hill in Rome, Italy. It served as the primary residence of Augustus during his reign. The Domus Augusti should not be confused with the nearby so-called Domus Augustana, part of the vast palatial complex constructed by Emperor Domitian on the Palatine in 92 AD.</p><br>
<h2>Construction</h2><br>
<p>After being awarded tribunica potestas for life in 23 BC, Octavian decided to buy the house of Quintus Hortensius on the Palatine and made it his primary place of residence. The comparative modesty of the Domus Augusti was in keeping with the return to traditional ideals promoted during the Augustan period, as indicated by Suetonius in the quote below. The Domus Augusti was located near the Hut of Romulus and other sacred sites which relate to the foundation of Rome. In antiquity this residence contained two levels, each leading to a garden courtyard. The bottom floor is not accessible today, but it is possible to make out the basin of a fountain and the rooms beyond it that were paved in coloured marble.</p><br>
<h2>The Domus Augusti in contemporary times</h2><br>
<p>Suetonius (c. 70 AD &ndash; after 130 AD), lawyer and secretary of the imperial palace, wrote of Augustus and his palace: It is generally agreed that he was most temperate and without even the suspicion of any fault. He lived at first near the Forum Romanum, afterwards on the Palatine in a modest dwelling remarkable neither for size or elegance, having but a short colonnade with columns of local stone and rooms without any marble decorations or handsome pavements. For more than 40 years he used the same bedroom in winter and summer.</p><br>
<h2>Later history</h2><br>
<p>According to L. Richardson, Jr.&#39;s A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome, "The house burned, perhaps in AD 3, but was then rebuilt (Suetonius, Aug. 72.2.) and made state property (Cass. Dio 55.12.4-5). Suetonius speaks of it in the past tense, so it may be presumed that it burned during the fire of Nero. It has recently been identified as a house northwest of the Temple of Apollo, between this and the Scalae Caci," (p. 118).</p><br>
<p>Khumbila or Khumbu Yül-Lha, roughly translated as "God of Khumbu" is one of the high Himalayan peaks in the Khumbu region of Eastern Nepal within the boundaries of Sagarmatha National Park. Considered too sacred to be climbed by most local Sherpa people, the mountain is considered home to the patron God of the local area. Rising 5,761m above sea level, the mountain overlooks the famous southern approaches to its larger neighbours including Ama Dablam and Mount Everest.</p><br>
<p>Khumbila has never been climbed; one attempt prior to the 1980s ended when climbers were killed in an avalanche, and there have been no subsequent attempts.</p><br>
<h2>Religious importance</h2><br>
<p>Khumbila is said to be a god, and an old one. The prayers for Khumbila are believed to date back to the time when the ancestors of the Sherpas were still in Tibet (more than 500 years ago). Khumbila is said to have been subdued and converted to Buddhism by Guru Rimpoche, the 8th-century saint who spread Buddhism throughout the Himalaya. In fact, Guru Rimpoche is said to have spent some time meditating in a cave above Khunde, perhaps on the mountain Khumbila itself.</p><br>
<p>Local buildings often have prayer flags on bamboo wands to honour Khumbila.</p><br>
<p>The Silver Bay Association Complex, Known as Silver Bay YMCA Conference and Family Retreat Center has been in operation since 1902. The YMCA campus is located in the hamlet of Silver Bay, New York, United States. In 1897, Silas Paine, a Standard Oil executive, vacationed at the resort and decided to buy a portion of land adjacent to the property. Between 1898, Silas had a large resort addition linked to the original house, and between 1900 and 1901 he added several cottages to the complex. The structure was bought by the YMCA in 1904, and assumed its final form, well-preserved form during expansions between 1925 and 1926 under the supervision of architect William E. Clark . The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 20, 1980. Architecturally, the Inn at Silver Bay is described as being in the Queen Anne style.</p><br>
<p>The William Campbell House in Stamping Ground, Kentucky, also known as the Campbell-Gayle House, is an early house believed to have been built in c.1790-1800. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>It is notable as a "unique early house of brick nogging-filled half timber construction with a beaded clapboard-covered main facade and a steeply pitched roof."</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the brick nogging (infill between the timbers) is plastered with stucco while the timbers are not; this is unusual as the only house in Kentucky known to have this feature. The 32 ft by 28 ft house also has a steep roof and just one window each for the two front rooms. The appearance of the house is much like historic Colonial dwellings in the eastern colonies. The construction is thus dated to pioneer era and perhaps the 18th century.</p><br>
<p>The River Cree is a river in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland which runs through Newton Stewart and into the Solway Firth. It forms part of the boundary between the counties of Wigtownshire and Kirkcudbrightshire.</p><br>
<p>The tributaries of the Cree are the Minnoch, Trool, Penkiln and Palnure which drain from the Range of the Awful Hand, the labyrinthine range of mountains and lochs, bogs, burns and crags, rising at its highest to The Merrick, Galloway (2764 ft above sea level), 12 miles to the north and visible from Newton Stewart.</p><br>
<p>The River Cree provided a route from the coast into the forested hinterland. Then it became the boundary between communities living on either side, dividing the County, or Shire, of Wigtownshire from the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright. It also divides the parish of Penninghame from the parish of Minnigaff and the town of Newton Stewart from the villages of Creebridge and Minnigaff, thus identifying a variety of administrative entities. There were very few bridges until the 18th Century and tolls and local customs duties could be levied at such crossing points. The Cree was also the source of power for the textile mills built in Newton Stewart in the 18th Century when water power was a key element in industrial development.</p><br>
<p>Most of the time, the Cree is fordable and the old site of the main ford, just below the present bridge, is still detectable in the street layout of Newton Stewart. The location of the first, wooden bridge and the boat ferry are still identifiable local landmarks just to the north of the present bridge.</p><br>
<p>A new steel bridge, the Sparling Bridge, was strung across the river downstream of the Town Bridge in 1998 as part of an attractive riverside walk. This bridge is named after the fish - the Sparling or Smelt (Osmerus eperlanus) which still breeds in this estuary, one of only three sites in Scotland. Largely for this reason the Cree estuary "The silty Cree" is a Site of Special Scientific Interest, partly due to the sparling that breed there.</p><br>
<p>The remaining bridge downstream of Newton Stewart is the by-pass bridge, built in 1979 to carry the A75 trunk road round the town.</p><br>
<p>Before there were proper roads, and before the railway came to Galloway in the 19th Century, bulky goods such as coal and fertilisers, gravel and grain, timber and stone, were transported by sea. The Cree has a winding, silty estuary, not good for navigation, but there was a harbour at the Carty Port, a couple of miles south of Newton Stewart, and others further down the estuary at Wigtown and Creetown from which coastal cargoes were traded. Regular services linked the Solway ports with Liverpool. Although both of these ports are now almost derelict, there are still active fishing ports further south around the Machars peninsula at Garlieston, the Isle of Whithorn and Port William.</p><br>
<p>The shore is also home to fishing traditions, wildlife and a large expanse of salt marsh - the "inks". Wigtown Bay is now a recognised wildlife reserve, where salt marshes are grazed by sheep all year round and by huge flocks of wild geese in winter. The bay is particularly noted for the important numbers of pinkfooted geese that winter on the inks.</p><br>
<p>Salmon fisheries using stake nets can still be seen in the bay but are no longer common. Other traditional methods of salmon fishing using "haaf nets" have also declined. However, enthusiastic anglers return year after year to the Cree and fine fresh-run salmon are still caught in worthwhile numbers.</p><br>
<p>The silty Cree estuary is a Site of Special Scientific Interest, partly due to the sparling that breed there.</p><br>
<p>Lake Mitchell is one of two lakes in Wexford County, Michigan, that are joined together by the Clam Lake Canal. The other lake is Lake Cadillac.</p><br>
<p>Mitchell State Park is located on Lake Mitchell. Bluegill, Pumpkinseed Sunfish, Black Crappie, Rock Bass, Northern Pike, Walleye, Smallmouth Bass, Largemouth Bass, Bullhead are types of fish in Lake Mitchell.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Historically, Lake Mitchell was referred to as Big Clam Lake, and Clam Lake is still shown in the USGS official Geographic Names Information System as a variant name for Lake Mitchell.</p><br>
<p>In 1873, local businessman George A. Mitchell founded the village of Clam Lake (renamed Cadillac, Michigan, in 1882) and constructed the canal connecting Big Clam Lake to Little Clam Lake. At the time, the canal enabled logging on the west side of Lake Mitchell; logs floated through the canal entered Lake Cadillac, on the east shore of which stood lumber mills, the railroad and the Village of Clam Lake.</p><br>
<p>The names of the two lakes were changed in 1903, with Little Clam Lake renamed as Lake Cadillac (for the community) and Big Clam Lake as Lake Mitchell, in honor of William W. Mitchell, the nephew and business partner of George A. Mitchell.</p><br>
<p>American Summit or  American Pass is a 3,420 ft-high mountain pass through the high ground of the Fortymile River district of east-central Alaska. Today, American Summit is traversed by the Taylor Highway, which connects the town of Eagle, Alaska to the Alaska Highway and the Top of the World Highway. Before the construction of the Taylor Highway in 1953, the Valdez-Eagle Trail passed over American Summit, providing the first overland route between the Gulf of Alaska and the gold fields of central Alaska.</p><br>
<p>American Summit has been used for thousands of years by Athabascan natives, who saw its utility as the lowest point in the White Mountains, which lie between the coast of Alaska and the Yukon River. In 1886 and again in 1896, gold was discovered in central Alaska, sparking a series of gold rushes that attracted thousands of miners to the Yukon River area of Alaska. In 1897, to protect the growing population of the region, the USA Army began to establish a series of forts along the Yukon River in order to help maintain order. One of these was Fort Egbert, built in the town of Eagle. Because of its isolated location, supplies for the fort and town had to either travel along the width of Alaska via the Yukon River or through previously established transportation routes in Canada. Seeking a quick all-American route, the USA government ordered the construction of a road from Valdez on the Gulf of Alaska to Fort Egbert.</p><br>
<p>American Summit, as the lowest point in the mountains separating the two locations, was a natural site for the road, which was completed by 1901. To supply even faster communications, the USA military began the construction of Washington-Alaska Military Cable and Telegraph System, of which Eagle would be the northernmost point. Telegraph lines were strung over American Summit in 1902, and an undersea cable connected Valdez to Seattle in 1904. After 1909, when a radio link was established, the telegraph line was abandoned. The road remained and was improved so that by the 1920s, the first automobiles climbed American Summit. In World War II, construction of the Alaska Highway also spurred work on that highway&#39;s side roads, and a project to improve the trail was begun in 1945. By 1953, the result was the Taylor Highway, a seasonal route that still connects Eagle to the outside world over American Summit.</p><br>
<p>During the 2004 Alaska fire season, the worst in recorded history, American Summit was the site of a 10,000 acre wildfire, one of several hundred that ultimately consumed 6,600,000 acre in Alaska that year.</p><br>
<p>Today, Eagle is an alcohol-free town, and American Summit is notable as the location of the liquor store nearest to Eagle. The store has been called one of the most remote liquor stores in the world. The Yukon Quest 1,000 mi sled dog race crosses Eagle Summit every February on its route between Fairbanks, Alaska, and Whitehorse, Yukon.</p><br>
<p>The Zunfthaus zur Haue or Haus zur Haue is situated at the Limmatquai promenade between Münsterbrücke and Rathausbrücke. It is the guild house of the Zunft zum Kämbel; meaning the guild of the merchants and traders. Neighbored by the Saffran, Zimmerleuten and Rüden guild houses, it is one of the historically notable buildings in Zürich, Switzerland. The building also houses the relatively expensive restaurant of the same name.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Zunft zum Kämbel was originally a guild of food dealers and wine merchants. Its first Trinkstube (tavern and association meeting place) was located near the town hall. In 1358, the Zürich knight Götz Mülner II had sold sovereignty rights granted by Emperor Louis of Bavaria to the city of Zürich. The newly acquired possessions were administered by an Obervogt with its administration centre in the "Haue" building. Their guild house was first mentioned in a 1389 document as Kembel. In 1442 the building was in the possession of salt merchants, and from 1450 it was known as the "Salzlütenhus", "Houw", or "Salzhouw". The term Houw is derived from the axe featured on the salt merchant&#39;s coat of arms. In 1487 the guild acquired the House zum Kämbel which is still located at the Münsterhof 18. The siting at the Münsterhof plaza is seen as a deliberate distancing from the noble guild houses of the more prominent guilds in Zürich. In 1532, the cloth merchant Konrad Rollenbutz acquired the property and gave it to his two sons. From the second half of the 16th century, the "Haue" was in the possession of Salomon Hirzel-Rollenbutz (1544&ndash;1605) and his son, the Zürich mayor Salomon Hirzel (1580&ndash;1652). In 1781, the building was the home of Rudolf Hirzel Rordorf-Sprüngli. The Haue building was sold to the colonial goods merchant Beckert, being its last private owner, in 1878. On 31 May 1956 &ndash; 150 years after its formal dissolution &ndash; the newly established Gesellschaft zum Kämbel bought the Haue building. Since 1980, it has housed a restaurant (Weinstube).</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The present "Haue" building at the Limmatquai was originally an ensemble of three formerly separate buildings: the upper and lower "Wetzwilerhus", first mentioned in 1373, and the "Ropoltzhus". All three were later rebuilt into the complex that is the building as it exists today. The buildings near the town hall at the present Limmatquai were among the most desirable private houses, the town hall being not only the political but also the economic center of the city. A memorial plate and the deer on the roof are reminiscent of times when the family of Salomon Hirzel was the owner of the house.</p><br>
<p>On the Murerplan of 1576, the building can be seen on the right shore of the Limmat, north of the Haus zum Rüden, on the so-called Reichsstrasse (imperial street) which later formed the present Limmatquai. Around 1878, the colonial goods merchant Beckert rebuilt the facade and decorated it with painted ornaments and Gothic windows. The prominent crow-stepped gables were built by Beckert&#39;s nephew, Albert Beckert-Irniger. The guild hall on the first floor was renovated by the architect Armin Meili in 1979, and a restaurant was established in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Literature</h2><br>
<p>Markus Brühlmeier, Beat Frei: Das Zürcher Zunftwesen. 2 Bände, NZZ Buchverlag, Zürich, 2005.</p><br>
<p>The Winslow Chemical Laboratory was a laboratory of the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute campus in Troy, New York, United States, which finished construction in 1866. It is named in honor of the 5th President of RPI, John F. Winslow, who donated half of the construction cost. The building is brick with stone trimmings and was originally constructed with butternut, chestnut and black walnut. The whole building was fitted for complete courses in general and analytical chemistry. The design and construction was overseen by Professor Henry B. Nason, head of the department of chemistry at the Institute. The lower story contained the metallurgical laboratory and second story contained the chemical laboratory, store rooms and work rooms. The laboratory could accommodate about 40 students. The third story contained a lecture room, a private study, the library and a recitation room. The library of chemical books was established by a donation of several sets of journals and a gift of three hundred dollars from John F. Winslow.</p><br>
<p>The laboratory was damaged by a fire in the upper story in 1884 and was rebuilt and enlarged in 1885. The building was again damaged by fire in 1904. It was used as a laboratory until 1907 and then converted into a shop. The building, falling into disrepair, was boarded up in the early 1970s and targeted for demolition. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 4, 1990. As an effort to save the building, it was agreed with the city of Troy that the building would be leased to house a new children&#39;s science museum called the Junior Museum. The Junior Museum refurbished the Winslow building and opened its doors in 2000. Since then, the Junior Museum has moved to the Rensselaer Technology Park, and currently the Winslow Building is home to many research groups affiliated to Cognitive Science and Computer science departments of Rensselaer, namely, Rensselaer AI and Reasoning Lab, the Social and Behavioral Research Laboratory, the Tetherless World Constellation (since 2007) etc.</p><br>
<p>The Haus zum Rüden  building is the assembly hall of the Gesellschaft zur Constaffel and one of the historically notable buildings in Zürich, Switzerland. It is situated at the Limmatquai promenade in Zürich, Switzerland, opposite of the Münsterhof plaza respectively the Zunfthaus zur Meisen, and neighboured by the Zimmerleuten, Kämbel and Saffran guild houses.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The building was originally a modest timber structure located at the present Limmatquai promenade those section then was named Reichsstrasse. The former mistress of the city, the princess abbess of the Fraumünster abbey, used the building as mint. By order of the city council, the ground floor was rebuilt in 1348 with stone walls and an open porch hall for use as the city hall. In the second floor there was a drinking club used by the members of the Constaffel society.</p><br>
<p>On the Murerplan of 1576, the building can be seen on the right shore of the Limmat, south of the Zunfthaus zur Haue, on the so-called Reichsstrasse (imperial street). Its current form dates from the late 17th century, when it was fitted with an additional timber framing floor that protrudes on two sides over the lower stone walls which are about 1 m thick. At the request of the city government, a pedestrian walkway was built under the arches for harmony with the appearance of the surrounding buildings. In addition, exterior renovations were made by the Bräm brothers and a redesign of the interior was undertaken by Andre Ammann, to preserve the Gothic style of the original building and to remove subsequent modifications. Impressive features of the Trinkstube – the Gothic hall of the current eponymous restaurant – include the magnificent, 11 m-wide, curved wooden ceiling beams with carved heads, and the rich interior.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Building</h3><br>
<p>The Rüden building is first mentioned in 1358 and 1377 in the Fraumünster census. From 1401 when it was sold the Constaffel members, the building was known as the "Trinkstube der Herren zum Rüden". The name "zum Rüden" derives from the wolf hound, which was adopted in the heraldry of the Constaffel as a symbol of aristocratic hunting rights. In 1868 the Rüden building was sold by the then Adelige Gesellschaft (noble society) to the city of Zürich, and in 1937 it was acquired again by the current Gesellschaft zur Constaffel. The building houses also a restaurant of the higher price class.</p><br>
<h3>Gesellschaft zur Constaffel</h3><br>
<p>The origins of the Constaffel society (German: Gesellschaft zur Constaffel) date back to 1336, when it, along with the medieval Zürich guilds was formally founded on occasion of the Brun guild constitution. Although the guilds were associations of various craft associations, at the same time they were economical, political, social and even military organizations that participated the wars of the medieval city republic in independent military formations; however, the Constaffel members originally comprised the knights respectively minsterality of the Fraumünster abbey and wealthy merchants who usually nominated the mayors of Zürich. They constituted also the councillors of the elitary council of the medieval city republic of Zürich, until the French revolutionary troops terminated the guild regime, and the so-called Old Swiss Conferacy collapsed in spring 1798. As the Zürich guilds, except the women members of the Fraumünster society which participate just as "guests" of the Constaffel, the Constaffel members practice Sechseläuten.</p><br>
<p>Zürich - Constaffel - Haus zum Rüden Detail.jpgRelief of the wolf hound, symbol of the Rüden guildhall and the Constaffel society&#39;s coat of arms</p><br>
<p>Constaffel - Haus zum Rüden 2010-09-04 15-32-54.JPG</p><br>
<p>Constaffel - Wappen.jpgCoats of arms of the Gesellschaft zur Constaffel</p><br>
<p>Gesellschaftshaus zum Rüden 2012-09-16 18-44-22.jpgdetail view of the timbered first floor</p><br>
<h2>Cultural heritage of national importance</h2><br>
<p>The Rüden building is listed in the Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance as a Class A object of national importance.</p><br>
<p>Lake Leonard is a small freshwater crater lake in Mount Leonard , an andesitic-to-dacitic stratovolcano complex in the Leonard Mountain Range which is located 60 km northeast of Davao City in the province of Davao del Sur in the Philippines.</p><br>
<h2>Origin</h2><br>
<p>Volcanic activity began 1.1 million years ago in the area and a series of lava domes in the region surrounding the lake were created in about 290,000 years ago. One of the biggest of these domes collapsed leaving a caldera that in time filled with water and transformed into a freshwater lake capable of sustaining life. Solfataras (fumaroles that emits sulfuric gases) occurring on its southwest rim is evident that under this lake is a sleeping active volcano. Active solfataras, fumaroles, and hot springs are also found in the Amacan-Gopod thermal area south of the lake. The Manat thermal area is located north of Lake Leonard.</p><br>
<h2>Disturbances and threats</h2><br>
<p>The edge of the lake is badly silted as a result of human activities on the upper slopes of the watershed, particularly road construction, shifting cultivation and logging. The disposal of mine tailings is also having a direct adverse impact on the lake&#39;s resources. The existing Philippine crocodile (Crocodylus mindorensis) population in the lake is endangered because of the present intensity of human activities; the major threats to the species are accelerated siltation in the lake, poaching, pesticides pollution and the destruction of the natural vegetation on the lake shore.</p><br>
<p>St. Marys – St. Alphonsus Regional Catholic School, previously known as St. Marys Academy, is a private Roman Catholic elementary and middle school in Glens Falls, New York, serving kindergarten through 8th grade. The main building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Also known as SMSA, the school teaches children not only academic subjects, but teaches them about the Catholic Faith. SMSA is the oldest parochial school in the area. It once included a high school, but it was trimmed down to 8th grade.</p><br>
<p>St. Mary&#39;s – St. Alphonsus Regional Catholic School is not only for Catholics. Any child of any faith or religion can attend.</p><br>
<p>SMSA offers day care, both half and full-day. Noah&#39;s Ark, as it is called, offers the children what they would normally get at any other day care, as well as learning and also a sense of their faith, although it is not as complicated and in depth as it will be as they grow older.</p><br>
<p>SMSA features a large Great Hall where events are hosted. The Great Hall features a 2-story stained glass window. SMSA also has a mini-chapel where confession (optional for those of non-Catholic faith), Adoration and other ceremonies are held. It is open at all times for any who wish to worship or visit. SMSA offers Regents Biology in 8th grade. Advanced mathematics is also offered.</p><br>
<p>For students with speech disorders or difficulty learning or reading, SMSA offers specialist help.</p><br>
<p>Lake Sampaloc is an inactive volcanic maar on the island of Luzon, the Philippines.</p><br>
<p>It is the largest of the Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Laguna. Nearly half of the lake&#39;s depth has a shallow depression at the bottom, indicating its volcanic origin. The lake is behind San Pablo city hall and is dotted with fishpens and small cottages built on stilts.</p><br>
<h2>Legend</h2><br>
<p>A giant sampaloc (Tamarindus indica or tamarind tree) once grew in the garden of a selfish, stingy old woman. One day, an old man begged for some tamarind fruit as a cure for his ailing grandson. Instead of helping him, the old woman set her ferocious dogs upon him to drive him away. The old man was badly hurt. He was in fact a diwata (nymph or fairy) in disguise.</p><br>
<p>After the diwata (still appearing as the old man) had departed, there was a thundering noise and rain, followed by the cracking of the earth. The entire orchard sank into a colossal pit which was immediately filled with water, which villagers thence named after the large tamarind tree.</p><br>
<p>The Adcock River is a river in the Kimberley of Western Australia.</p><br>
<p>The headwaters of the river rise in the Philips Range near Qodesh then flow in a south-easterly direction parallel with the King Leopold Range and past Mount House, Mount Clifton and Mount Hamilton before merging with the Fitzroy River near Fitzroy Bluff.</p><br>
<p>The Adcock has three tributaries; Throssel River, Annie Creek and Walsh Creek.</p><br>
<p>The first European to discover the river was Frank Hann in 1898, who named the river after Charles and William Adcock of Derby: Hann explained, "Messrs Adcock Bros of Derby were very kind to me and provided exceedingly reasonable in the important matter of a supply of rations."</p><br>
<p>The traditional owners of the areas around the river are the Nyikina peoples.</p><br>
<p>Fish such as Greenway&#39;s grunter, the Flathead Goby and the False spotted gudgeon have been found within the river system.</p><br>
<p>The Nullagine River is a river in the Pilbara of Western Australia.</p><br>
<p>The headwaters of the river rise South of Bonney Downs and then flow in a northerly direction. The river crosses the Marble Bar road at Nullagine and continues to flow in a north-easterly direction until it merges with the Oakover River to form the De Grey River. The river is bounded by the Chichester Range in the South.</p><br>
<p>The river flows through several permanent pools on its journey including; Garden Pool, Rock Pool, Tumbinna Pool and Cordooin Pool.</p><br>
<p>The river periodically floods during the wet season and can cut roads in the area as a result.</p><br>
<p>The Nullagine river has 19 tributaries including; Beaton Creek, Bookabunna Creek, Walgunya Creek, Wild Dog Creek and Connabunna Creek.</p><br>
<p>The name of the river is an Indigenous Australian word that was first recorded as Ngullagine in the 1880s. The meaning of the word is not known.</p><br>
<p>The Glens Falls Feeder Canal is a canal from Glens Falls, New York, United States through Hudson Falls and into Fort Edward. It is 7 mi long and delivers water from above Glen&#39;s Falls on the Hudson River to the highest point of the Champlain Canal. The Feeder Canal Heritage Trail runs along a large part of the canal.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The first Feeder Canal was constructed around 1822 at the foot of Fort Edward Hill, to direct water from the Hudson River 1/2 mi east to the Champlain Canal. When a flood destroyed part of the dam across the Hudson River at Fort Edward, the feeder canal failed to provide enough water.</p><br>
<p>In 1824 a new dam was built across the Hudson River upstream of Glens Falls and digging of the Glens Falls Feeder Canal began. It ran 7 mi eastward to join the Champlain Canal, guaranteeing adequate water at its highest elevation.</p><br>
<p>In 1832, the Feeder Canal was widened and deepened to accommodate boat traffic as well. Thirteen masonry locks were constructed to overcome the 130 ft vertical drop east of Sandy Hill (now called Hudson Falls). This engineering feat includes the "Five Combines" Locks in Hudson Falls (at the intersection of Pine Street and Burgoye Avenue. The Combine Locks lower water 55 vertical feet (55 ft). The locks are 15 ft wide and 100 ft long; these dimensions controlled the size of canal boats in the Champlain Canal system while the locks were in use. The present-day Champlain Barge Canal eliminated the need for boat traffic on the Feeder Canal in the early 1900s.</p><br>
<h2>Present day</h2><br>
<p>Today the canal is still an important source of water for the Champlain Canal as well as the Finch Pruyn & Company Paper Mill, which lies just east of the start of the Canal in Glens Falls. It is maintained by the New York State Thruway Authority.</p><br>
<p>The canal is a popular destination for canoeing and kayaking. A 7 mi long park/trail along the old canal towpath is frequented by tourists and joggers and cyclists. The canal was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985. The non-for profit Feeder Canal Alliance was formed in 1987 to preserve, promote and maintain the Feeder Canal.</p><br>
<p>The William E. Alden House is a historic house at 428 Hamilton Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built in 1882 for a prominent local businessman, it is a fine example of a modest home with Queen Anne and Stick style decoration. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The William E. Alden House is located north east of Southbridge&#39;s Globe Village, on the north side of Hamilton Street between its junctions with Hill and Oliver Streets. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a complex gabled roof and mostly clapboarded exterior. It has a fairly typical Queen Anne Victorian asymmetrical arragement of projections, and a porch with turned posts and a spindled valance that extends across part of the front and left sides. Some of the gables have been clad in decorative shingles, and have Stick style woodwork adorning them. At the rear of the property is a period carriage house, finished in board and batten siding. It is topped by a gable roof with cupola, and has a decorative balcony on its main facade.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1882 for William E. Alden, Jr., who ran a dry goods business and grocery in the Alden Block, which he and his father had built. At the time of its construction, the house was the only building on that stretch of Hamilton Street, with the exception of the church next door and another smaller house. Although it is not the most elaborate of Southbridge&#39;s period houses, it is a well-preserved example of a more modest home of the time.</p><br>
<p>The Alden-Delehanty Block is a historic commercial block at 858 Main Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Completed in 1888, it is the largest commercial building built in the town&#39;s Globe Village area, and is one of its most imposing Victorian edifices. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Alden-Delehanty Block is the largest of the modest collection of 19th and 20th-century commercial buildings that make up Globe Village. It is located on the north side of Main Street (Massachusetts Route 131) at its junction with Pleasant Street. It is three stories in height, built out red brick with stone trim. Its ground floor is divided into three now-unified store fronts, separated by brick piers with some stone elements. Each storefront has three plateglass windows, with entrance gained via the main building entrance. The upper floors have eleven window bays, those on the second floor set in segmented-arch openings with stone shoulders and keystones. The windows in the outer bays on the third floor are set in rectangular openings with peaked lintels, while two of the center three bays have narrow paired round-arch windows. The last bay, above the main entrance, matches those on the second floor. The building has a corbelled brickwork cornice, and a stepped parapet above the central bays, with a panel bearing the name Alden.</p><br>
<p>The block was built in 1888 for William E. Alden, who operated a dry goods store on the first floor. The building originally housed shops on the ground floor, offices on the second, and a meeting hall space on the third floor. The latter was used for a time by the Ancient Order of Hibernians, and has been known as Hibernia Hall. The building was acquired in 1899 by John Delehanty, who owned a furniture store that had expanded to occupy the entire building. Except for some minor alterations to the cornice and parapet, the exterior of the building is unaltered from its initial construction.</p><br>
<p>The Ammidown-Harding Farmhouse is a historic farm house at 83 Lebanon Hill Road in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built sometime in the 18th century, it is one of Southbridge&#39;s few surviving houses from that time. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. It is named for two of its notable residents, Cyrus Ammidown and Elbridge Harding, both of whom served as deacons in the Baptist church.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Ammidown-Harding House is located in a rural area of southern Southbridge, on the east side of Lebanon Hill Road south of Elmwood Road. Lebanon Hill Road, originally a Native American trail, is one of the community&#39;s oldest roads. The house is 1-1/2 stories in height, with a gabled roof, large central chimney, and clapboarded exterior. Its main facade is four bays wide, with the entrance in the bay right of center.</p><br>
<p>The house&#39;s date of construction is uncertain; the earliest maps of Southbridge are from 1796, and the house appears on those. Its architectural features, notably a center chimney and a short four-bay facade, suggest that it was built in the years before or just after the American Revolutionary War. Other features that set the building apart are overhanging eaves and a transom window over the front door. The barn, a 19th-century construction with a cupola, bracketed eaves, and tongue and groove doors, is also a contributing feature.</p><br>
<p>The first documented owner was Cyrus Ammidown, a descendant of early settlers of the area; he also appears in local records as one of the first deacons in the local Baptist church, founded in 1817. Elbridge Harding, who owned the property by the 1860s, was the son of Joshua Harding, one of the petitioners to the state for the incorporation of Southbridge.</p><br>
<p>The Ashland Mill Tenement is a historic tenement at 141-145 Ashland Avenue in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built about 1835, this unassuming rowhouse is one of the oldest documented factory-related buildings in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Ashland Mill Tenement is located east of downtown Southbridge, at the junction of Ashland Avenue and Sandersdale Road (Massachusetts Route 131).</p><br>
<p>It is an architecturally unassuming two story wood frame construction, with a gable roof and clapboarded exterior. It has three units of housing, arrayed townhouse-style; the south side of each unit is two bays wide, with a sash window and simply framed entry on the first floor, and a brick chimney on one side. A shed-roof dormer (apparently original to the building construction) provides additional space on the second floor to each unit. The north side facades have porches sheltering the unit entrances.</p><br>
<p>The earliest known industrial use in the area of this building was a blacksmithy, which was operating in 1815. A cotton mill was established on nearby Lebanon Brook in 1834, and this tenement was probably soon afterwoard. It was apparently one of three such tenements built for the mill workers, and is the only surviving structure of that enterprise. In 1874, a printing operation was established on the brook, with this building probably providing housing for that business&#39;s workers.</p><br>
<p>The first known examples of housing built for mill workers in Southbridge were built about 1815, but neither the buildings nor descriptions of them have survived.</p><br>
<p>The only factory housing of similar vintage in Southbridge are brick buildings built c. 1837 for the Hamilton Woolen Mill, which has more elaborate Greek Revival styling.</p><br>
<p>Beechwood is a historic house at 495 Main Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built in 1868, it is prominent locally as a fine early example of Stick style architecture, and as one of the first houses to be built that became one of the city&#39;s upper-class neighborhoods. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Beechwood is located near the transition point on the west side of downtown Southbridge between its commercial area and adjacent residential parts of Main Street. It is set on the south side of Main Street, between South and Marcy Streets. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a complex cross-gabled roof configuration and a mostly clapboarded exterior. The roof is covered in multi-colored slate, and is mainly a side gable, although a clipped gable facing front ends a perpendicular ridge set atop a projecting section. The roof eave is adorned in places with brackets, and in the front-facing gable with bargeboard. A single-story porch shelters the left section of the main facade; it has paneled square posts, a low balustrade, and open-spandrel arches. Windows on the projecting right-side section are separated from each other by decorative wooden paneling.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1868 as a wedding gift from Jedidah Marcy to his granddaughter, and was one of the first houses of the early Victorian style to be built in Southbridge. It was also one of the first built in that section of Southbridge, an area that would not be fully developed until the 1890s. Its porch, while typical of later buildings, shows details that are indicative of the earlier Italianate styling. The Marcys were descendants of one of Southbridge&#39;s early settlers, and the house was built nearly across the street from the family homestead (where the Notre Dame Church now stands).</p><br>
<p>The Alexis Boyer House is a historic house at 306 Hamilton Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built in 1888, it is a good local example of Queen Anne/Stick style architecture. It was built for Alexis Boyer, a political leader in the city&#39;s sizable French Canadian community. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Alexis Boyer House is located in a residential area near its larger historic mill complexes, on the north side of Hamilton Street opposite its junction with Pine Street. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and mostly clapboarded exterior. A cross-gabled section projects from the middle of the right side, and there are two gabled wall dormers on the left side. Most of these gables are decorated with elaborate stickwork. A single-story porch extends across the front and around to the right-side projection, with a peaked gable above the front stairs. It also has a feature otherwise unusual for Queen Anne houses, an exterior rear staircase, which is believed to have originated among the French Canadians.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1888 for Alexis Boyer, a builder and political leader of the sizable French Canadian community in Southbridge. The immediate neighborhood had developed as a French Canadian enclave due to the presence of a Catholic church that catered to that group. Boyer is known to have built a significant number of triple decker residences in the city. His political activities included service in the state legislature and on the state Democratic Party organizing committee. The house is architecturally distinguished for its relatively rare surviving gable trim.</p><br>
<p>The Building at 25-27 River Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts, is one of two similar triple-deckers built during a housing boom related to the success of the nearby Hamilton Woolen Company. The relatively plain form of these buildings is in contrast to earlier, more ornate styles that preceded their construction. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>25-27 River Street is located east of the former Hamilton Woolen Company plant, on the south side of River Street between Oliver and Cross Streets. It is a three-story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and an exterior of modern siding. Its front facade is mostly covered by a three-level porch, each level supported by round columns. The building original had a spindled balustrade, but this has been replaced by sided construction. The main entrance to the building is via a three-level porch on the right side, with outside stairs providing access to the upper floors. The roof is flat, with a projecting but relatively plain cornice.</p><br>
<p>This building was erected sometime between 1910 and 1920, these years following the construction of the Hamilton Company&#39;s "New Mill" across the street. The economic success of the Hamilton Company and its accompanying construction was in contrast to other Massachusetts mill communities, which went into decline during this period. The mill across the street was shuttered in 1935 following a strike. Of six triple deckers built in the 1910s and 1920s on River Street, only it and 29-31 River Street remain.</p><br>
<p>The Building at 29-31 River Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts, is one of two once similar triple-deckers built during a housing boom related to the success of the nearby Hamilton Woolen Company. Of six such houses built in the 1910s and 1920s on River Street, only it and 25-27 River Street remain. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989, since when its historic integrity has been compromised.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>29-31 River Street is located east of the former Hamilton Woolen Company plant, on the south side of River Street between Oliver and Cross Streets. It is a three-story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and an exterior of modern siding. Its front facade was once mostly covered by a three-level porch, each level supported by round columns; the upper porches have been removed. The main entrances to the building are via a pair of doors in the surviving ground-floor porch. The roof is flat, with a projecting but relatively plain cornice, and an extension over where the porches were located. The relatively plain form of these buildings is in contrast to earlier, more ornate styles that preceded their construction.</p><br>
<p>This building was erected sometime between 1910 and 1920, these years following the construction of the Hamilton Company&#39;s "New Mill" across the street. The economic success of the Hamilton Company and its accompanying construction was in contrast to other Massachusetts mill communities, which went into decline during this period. The mill across the street was shuttered in 1935 following a strike. Of six triple deckers built in the 1910s and 1920s on River Street, only it and 25-27 River Street remain. Both have had their historic integrity compromised by exterior changes; in the case of this building, removal of the porches and application of modern siding is particularly significant.</p><br>
<p>The Building at 38-42 Worcester Street is a historic six-unit triple decker in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built sometime between 1878 and 1898, it has features influenced by the area&#39;s then-growing French Canadian immigrant population, including its outside porches. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>38-42 Worcester Street is located in the area north of downtown Southbridge known as "The Flats", which was heavily developed beginning in the late 1880s with densely built worker housing. It is a three-story wood frame structure, with a low-pitch roof that extends over a porch that extends across the front and halfway down each side. The porch is accessed via front-facing stairs at either end, and shelters outside stairs that provide access to each of the building&#39;s six units. This type of porch is found in other buildings of Southbridge that were built by or for French Canadian immigrants. The original porch had turned posts that gave it a lacy Victorian appearance, a detail that has since been lost.</p><br>
<p>The house was built sometime between 1878 and 1898, when development of The Flats was begun to provide additional housing for workers at the American Optical Company, one of Southbridge&#39;s leading employers. By 1898 the area had several clusters of closely built three-deckers, of which this was one. In the early years of the 20th century, the area was developed more intensively, filling in the gaps with more three-deckers. Of the ones built during the first phase of development, this one is the best preserved.</p><br>
<p>The Building at 52 Main Street is a historic triple decker residence in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built early in the 20th century, it is a good example of period worker housing with French Canadian immigrant design features. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>52 Main Street is located east of downtown Southbridge, on the north side of Main Street between Maple and Crystal Streets. It was built during a housing boom brought about by the success of the nearby American Optical Company, during which larger house lots on Main Street were subdivided and built on with this type of worker housing. In this instance, the present three-story building was built as a replacement for an older two-family residence. This building is of wood frame construction, with a clapboarded exterior and low-pitch gable roof, and is set on a brick foundation. Its network of exterior porches is a locally distinctive feature brought by French Canadian immigrants, wrapping around two sides of the house and sheltering staircases that provide outside access to the upper level residential units. These types of porches are commonly found on surviving triple deckers of the first two decades of the 20th century. The porch railings were originally in the more delicately featured Queen Anne style, with turned posts bracketed at their tops and spindled balusters, but those have been replaced by square posts and balusters.</p><br>
<p>The Central Mills Historic District encompasses a historic mill complex on the Quinebaug River in central Southbridge, Massachusetts. Located at the corner of Foster and North Streets, the site consists of three brick buildings, the oldest of which has portions dating to 1837. Despite being extensively rebuilt in the early 20th century, the complex has an appearance that is more typical of 19th century mills.</p><br>
<p>The Central Manufacturing Company was established in 1837, and was one of Southbridges major employers well into the 20th century. The company built its premises on the site of Southbridges earliest grist- and sawmills, and the town grew around the facility. By late in the 19th century most New England textile mills were in decline, due to increased competition in the South. However, Central Manufacturing embarked on a major renovation of its plant in 1908. It knocked a significant portion of the 1837 plant, and built the present two story brick structure, with the surviving 1837 section attached to its rear. The building is in the Romanesque Revival style, with rounded arch windows and a small tower.</p><br>
<p>In addition to the main factory building, there are to other buildings in the complex. One is a small single story office building, also built in 1908 and with Romanesque Revival styling. This building is on the same parcel as the main building. The third building is a more utilitarian brick warehouse, built 1915, which is located across North Street (but also fronting on Foster) from the main building.</p><br>
<p>The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The Centre Village Historic District encompasses the historic central business district of Southbridge, Massachusetts. The district includes properties on Main Street, roughly between Elm and Goddard Streets. The central area represents a fairly well preserved Late Victorian commercial center. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The area that is now the city of Southbridge was settled in 1713, and was incorporated out of portions of Sturbridge and Charlton in 1816. Its center was long a civic meeting space, with a meeting house at the site of the present Central Baptist Church, and the adjacent cemetery. Its industrial development also began early, with sawmills and gristmills on the banks of the Quinebaug River. In the 19th century, the city experienced rapid growth, as the waters of the river were harnessed for the manufacture of textiles and optical equipment. Main Street (now Massachusetts Route 131) developed as both a commercial center, and as the place were the city&#39;s business leaders built their homes. The result is a central commercial area with commercial architecture dating from the 1840s to the 1910s, along with a series of high-quality homes of the same period.</p><br>
<p>The historic district extends along Main Street for about 0.4 mi, from Hamilton Street in the west to Coombs Street in the east. Anchoring the east end of the district is the 1810s house of Ebenezer Ammidown, whose family one of the leading forces in the creation of both the city&#39;s mills and its downtown. The house now serves as a local cultural center. Prominent at the western end of the district is the former Universalist Church, a greek Revival structure built about 1840. Commercial buildings lining Main Street in between date mainly from 1840 to 1900, and are a combination of wood-frame and brick buildings in a diversity of styles. Prominent civic buildings include the Jacob Edwards Library, a fine Georgian Revival building built in 1914 to a design by Chicago architect Daniel Burnham.</p><br>
<p>The Chamberlain-Bordeau House is a historic house at 718 Main Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built sometime between 1855 and 1870, it is one of the best preserved Italianate houses in the city. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Chamberlain-Bordeau House is located west of downtown Southbridge, on the north side of Main Street (Massachusetts Route 131) near its junction with Sayles Street. It is a somewhat boxy two-story wood frame structure, with a shallow pitch hip roof and clapboarded exterior. The roof has deep eaves with paired Italianate brackets., and the building corners have wooden quoin blocks. The main entrance is sheltered by a hip-roof portico supported by groupd columns with brackets forming an arch. Windows are rectangular sash, with projecting window caps.</p><br>
<p>The land on which the house stands originally belonged to the Plimpton family, who were among Southbridge&#39;s first settlers. A Plimpton house, differing in placement and orientation, is recorded as standing on this property in an 1855 map. This house was built sometime between 1855 and 1870 for Captain John Chamberlain, an insurance agent. In the 1890s it was acquired by Gilbert Bordeau, a box maker, who owned it until 1920. At the time of its construction it was the only house on the north side of that section of Main Street; development of the rest of the immediate area followed in the next few decades.</p><br>
<p>The Chapin Block is a historic commercial building at 208-222 Hamilton Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. Built in 1888, it is the only Shingle style commercial building in Southbridge. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Chapin Block is located in Globe Village, a predominantly residential area just north of Southbridges downtown, occupying a narrow plot of land at the junction of Hamilton and Crane Streets. The building is set to advantage on the oddly-shaped narrow triangular lot, giving the building a flatiron appearance with a rounded point. It is a two-story wood frame structure, with a small tower (that once held a clock) at the point were Hamilton and Crane Streets meet. It is finished in wooden shingles, and has a modillioned cornice. There are four storefronts on the front of the building (facing Hamilton Street), each with plate glass windows flanking recessed entries. This layout dates to the early 20th century. On the Crane Street side, the buildings brick basement is exposed, providing a series of building entrances at that level. The first floor on that side is largely plain, while the second floor has a projecting balcony.</p><br>
<p>The block was built in 1888 by Francis Chapin, a local bank officer and real estate developer, and provided local shops for the area residential neighborhood, and a meeting hall on the second floor. Early occupants of the retail spaces included a candy store, barber, tobacconist, and clothing store. It was sold by Chapin shortly after its construction to J. J. Delahanty, owner of a local furniture store; it remained in his family until 1972.</p><br>
<p>The Alpha M. Cheney House is a historic house at 61 Chestnut Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. It was built in 1881 for Alpha M. Cheney, then one of the largest shareholders in American Optical Company, one of Southbridges largest employers. Designed by Barker & Nourse of Worcester, the house is one of Southbridges best surviving examples of high Victorian Gothic styling. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Alpha M. Cheney (1834-1897) was the son of a local deacon, and received his education at Nichols Academy before beginning employment in the spectacle manufacturing trade. He acquired an interest in R. H. Cole, probably after working there, and was one of the principals in the founding in 1869 of the American Optical Company. At his death he was reported to have "a large amount of property including one of the finest private residences in Southbridge."</p><br>
<p>Cheney&#39;s house occupies a large lot at the northeast corner of Chestnut and Cisco Streets in a residential area east of downtown Southbridge. The house is 2 1/2 stories in height, with steep gables that are ornamented with Stick style decorations. It has a turret with a projecting gables on the four sides of the steep roof, and a projecting front porch with ornamented railings and turned posts. The property also includes a carriage house that was built around the same time, and is similarly styled.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1881 to a design by Barker & Nourse of Worcester. At the time, Chestnut Street only had a few houses on it, including a series of houses across the street which Cheney had apparently built as worker housing on his estate. This was a common means by which other leading businessmen in Southbridge provided housing for their workers.</p><br>
<p>The J. M. Cheney Rental House is a historic house at 32 Edwards Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. It is a well-preserved vernacular Victorian house exhibiting details in a number of different styles. It was built in the late 19th century, during a second phase of construction in the Hamilton Street area that replaced larger properties of wealthier owners with smaller, more densely site, middle-class housing. This house was built for J. M. Cheney, treasurer of the Litchfield Shuttle Company, who owned several properties in the area, including the adjacent Kinney House, and also lived nearby. There is no hard evidence the property was intended for use as a rental, but this seems likely.</p><br>
<p>The basic house layout, a three-wide side-hall plan, was typical of the period, but the house&#39;s ornamentation is not. The window caps and the rounded gable window are Italianate in styling, but there is also a steeply pointed Gothic-style gable dormer, and the gable ends are decorated with Stick style ornaments. The front porch exhibits both Italianate and Queen Anne styling.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The E. B. Cummings House is a historic house at 52 Marcy Street in Southbridge, Massachusetts. It is the smallest but best preserved house of those at the corner of Marcy and Edward Streets, a fashionable suburban district of Southbridge in the mid to late 19th century.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>It was built in the 1870s for Edwin B. Cummings, co-owner of a hardware store on Main Street. Despite a construction date well past the typical period for Greek Revival styling, the house has paneled corner pilasters, and sidelight and transom windows around the door, elements characteristic of that style. It also has Italianate details such as double brackets in the eaves, roof pitch, and front porch. A number of other elements, such as the second floor bay window, are later additions.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 22, 1989.</p><br>
